REDUCING CHRONIC DISEASE RISK THROUGH DIET

A Review By: Chukwuma Chinaza Adaobi

Before discussing which foods and dietary patterns may protect against cancer development, it is crucial to understand that engaging in activitiesTrusted Source that scientists consider significant cancer risk factors, such as cigarette smoking or excessive drinking, may counteract the potential protective effects of diet. Avoiding smoking, reducing alcohol intake, managing body weight, and being active, are critical to reducing cancer risk. Researchers have discovered that, just as some dietary patterns may increase cancer risk, nutritional choices can also have a protective effect against cancer.

For example, the Mediterranean dietTrusted Source, which is high in fiber, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory compounds, and low in red and processed meat and ultra-processed foods, has associations with an overall protective effectTrusted Source against cancer and cancer-related death.

Studies have shownTrusted Source that diets high in fruits, vegetables, and other fiber-rich plant foods offer protection against cancer developmentTrusted Source. This is because these foods contain compounds that help protect against cellular damage. Consuming a varied diet that provides optimal amounts of fiberTrusted Source, vitaminsTrusted Source, mineralsTrusted Source, and beneficTrusted SourceiTrusted Sourceal plant compoundsTrusted Source is essential for overall health and cancer risk reduction.

In addition to consuming a diet rich in plant-based foods, reducing intake of processed and red meats, ultra-processed foods, and added sugars and salt may help reduce the risk of certain cancers and many other chronic conditions.

The bottom line

Though many factors can influence a person’s risk of developing cancer, including factors that a person cannot control, research shows that some dietary patterns and specific foods may increase the chance of developing certain cancers. Evidence suggests that ultra-processed foods, processed meat products, diets high in added salt, and drinking scalding beverages may increase the risk of cancer development. Although scientists still have much to learn about how diet impacts cancer development and progression, significantly reducing or avoiding these foods and adapting dietary patterns will likely improve overall health. This may also help reduce a person’s risk of developing certain cancers.