AORTIC STENOSIS
Aortic
stenosis refers to a condition where in which there is a narrowing of the
aortic valve opening, usually due to calcium build-up. In aortic stenosis
aortic valve cannot open fully, meaning less blood flows through it, and
ultimately less blood is pumped around the body. If there is a significant
narrowing, a replacement aortic valve may be considered. There are a number of
different types of valves available, including mechanical valves, which are
made from durable, long-lasting material, or biological valves, made from
either human or animal donor tissue. Replacement valves allow for the return of
normal flow of blood throughout the heart.
Does aortic stenosis always produce symptoms?
No. Many people
with aortic stenosis, or AS, don't experience noticeable symptoms until the
amount of restricted blood flow becomes greatly reduced.
Symptoms of
aortic stenosis may include:
- Chest pain
- Rapid, fluttering
heartbeat
- Trouble breathing or feeling
short of breath
- Feeling dizzy or
light-headed, even fainting
- Difficulty walking short
distances
- Swollen ankles or feet
- Difficulty sleeping or
needing to sleep sitting up
- Decline in activity level or reduced ability to do normal activities
Who's
at risk for aortic stenosis?
Aging
people
Aortic
stenosis mainly affects older people as a result of scarring and calcium
buildup in the valve cusp (flap or fold). Age-related AS usually begins after
age 60, but often doesn’t show symptoms until ages 70 or 80.
AS in
the young
The
most common cause of aortic stenosis in young people is a birth defect where
only two cusps grow instead of the normal three. This is called a “bicuspid
aortic valve.”
Another
cause may be that the valve opening doesn't grow along with the heart. This
makes the heart work harder to pump blood to the restricted opening. Over the
years the defective valve often becomes stiff and narrow because of calcium
build-up.
What is the most common cause of aortic stenosis in a person less than the age of 70 years old?
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